Introduction

Feline respiratory infections are diagnosed most commonly based upon the cat’s history and clinical signs. Bacterial and tissue cultures may also be used to diagnose the specific cause of the respiratory infection.

Diagnosing Respiratory Infections in Cats

Cats with respiratory infections display classic clinical signs, regardless of the underlying cause of the disorder. Most veterinarians are well-acquainted with these symptoms, and they are often able to diagnose a respiratory tract infection in cats, or kittens, based only upon a history and physical examination. To rule out other possible causes of the symptoms, many veterinarians recommend a complete blood count and serum chemistry panel, a urinalysis, and a FeLV and FIV test. Thoracic radiographs (x-rays) and possibly a CT scan are also available to help assess, identify or rule-out particular causes of feline respiratory disease.

The cat’s history plays an extremely important role in respiratory infection diagnosis. Cats that live in overcrowded conditions (such as in shelters or catteries) are at an especially high risk for developing respiratory tract infections. Unvaccinated cats, especially those that live outdoors, are also at risk for infection. Frequently, owners that adopt a cat, or kitten, from a shelter or pet store may notice that their pet shows signs of respiratory disease shortly after it come home.

Specific identification of the causative agent is normally not necessary in cats with respiratory infections. The signs, and treatment, usually are the same regardless of the underlying cause. It may be worthwhile to identify the precise causative organism in breeding animals. Tissue and bacterial cultures can be used to identify which viruses and/or bacteria are causing the infection. However, many veterinarians do not feel that this information is necessary for the cat’s successful recovery and treatment.