Introduction

Treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in cats typically involves supportive care, with the goal being control of secondary bacterial infections and keeping the cat comfortable and well-fed.

Treating Respiratory Infections in Cats

Most affected cats will be treated at home, which is preferable to in-hospital care, at least from the cat’s perspective. At-home supportive care for cats with respiratory disease is very similar to how we care for people with “the flu.” The cat should be in a calm, warm and quiet environment, and a vaporizer in the room is recommended to keep the cat’s nasal passages moist. Placing the cat in a steamy bathroom for 10 to 15 minutes several times daily is also helpful. Cats often have runny noses and “gooey” eyes with respiratory illness. Owners should gently cleanse the cat’s eyes and nose with warm water on a tissue or cotton ball.

Cats with respiratory infections often have difficulty eating because they are unable to smell their food. Some pet owners may need to force-feed their cats, or give their cats a very high-calorie nutritional paste. If a cat becomes dehydrated during its illness, subcutaneous or intravenous fluids may need to be administered by the owner or by a veterinarian.

Antibiotics are available to treat bacterial causes of upper respiratory tract infections in cats. Topical ointments and artificial tears are also available for cats whose eyes are affected. Topical and systemic antiviral drugs may also be recommended. Appetite stimulants may be necessary for cats that are anorexic. Cats should be fed a very pungent and highly palatable diet to overcome their decreased sense of smell. Nasal decongestant drops are also available.

The amino acid, L-lysine, can be helpful to decrease the severity of respiratory outbreaks in cats that are positive for feline herpesvirus.