Introduction

While hair loss in dogs is usually caused by some underlying disorder, there are a number of steps that owners can take to prevent or at least manage this condition. Responsible breeding, yearly veterinary examinations, regular parasite control, good nutrition, moderate exercise and stress management can all contribute to a healthy canine hair coat.

Preventing Canine Alopecia

Responsible Breeding

Certain breeds or family lines of dogs have an increased risk of developing alopecia. For example, small-breed dogs with plush coats and certain Arctic breeds are prone to developing Alopecia X, also known as adrenal reproductive hormone imbalance or black skin disease. Doberman pinschers are genetically predisposed to color dilution alopecia. Responsible breeders will eliminate affected dogs from their breeding programs.

Parasitic Alopecia

Many cases of alopecia in dogs are caused by external parasites. Using preventative parasite control will reduce or eliminate parasitic infestation and the alopecia that often accompanies it. Owners of dogs that live in (or frequently visit) areas infested with fleas and ticks should regularly use flea and tick repellents, even if their dogs have not yet become infected by those parasites. Maintaining a clean and hygienic environment will also reduce the risk of alopecia associated with fleas, ticks, lice and mites.

Hair Loss Due to Underlying Medical Conditions

Alopecia is often caused by an underlying medical condition. Annual veterinary examinations with regular blood and urine tests will help identify underlying endocrine, hormonal, immune-mediated or other medical conditions that can cause or contribute to alopecia. These tests are especially important for older dogs. Spaying and neutering of companion animals can also greatly reduce the risk of alopecia.

Nutrition and Other Prevention

Hair loss cannot always be prevented, nor can it always be “cured.” However, providing a safe, clean, stress-free environment and a high-quality diet with free access to fresh water will go a long way to helping companion animals maintain a healthy hair coat.